مقدمة عامة لانواع الاستقطاب ..الاستقطاب الخطي والدائري والبيضاوي بدون معادلات الإمارات العربية المتحدة

In general, the optical field is elliptically polarized, but there are several combinations of amplitude and phase that are especially important. These are called degenerate polarization states: (1) linearly horizontal/vertical polarized light (LHP/LVP), (2) linear ±45° polarized light (L+45P/L–45P), and (3) right/left circularly polarized light (RCP/LCP). The polarization states along with the mathematical conditions and corresponding figures (polarization ellipses) are as follows.

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